What Are The Classifications of Vibration Sensors?

What Are The Classifications of Vibration Sensors?

In the highly developed modern industry, modern detection technology to the direction of digitalization, information technology has become an inevitable development trend. The development of vibration sensors is changing rapidly, digital, multi-functional, intelligent is an important feature of the development of modern sensors.

In the field of engineering vibration testing, there are a variety of test methods and approaches, but they can be categorized into three groups based on the method of measurement of various parameters and the physical characteristics of the measurement process.

1. Mechanical measurement methods

Parameters of engineering vibration are converted into mechanical signals, which are then amplified by mechanical systems for measurement and recording. Commonly used instruments are lever vibrometer and Geiger vibrometer, which have low measurement frequency and poor accuracy. But the field test is relatively simple and convenient.

2. Optical measurement methods

Engineering vibration parameters are converted into light signals, amplified by optical systems, and then displayed and recorded. Examples include reading microscopes and laser vibration meters.

3. Electrical measurement methods

Engineering vibration parameters are converted into electrical signals, amplified by electronic circuits, and then displayed and recorded. The key to the electrical measurement method is to convert mechanical vibration into electrical quantities (electromotive force, charge and other electrical quantities) and then measure the electrical quantities to obtain the mechanical quantity to be measured. This is a very widely used measurement method.

Although the physical properties of the three measurement methods mentioned above are different, the measurement systems are basically the same. They all consist of three segments: the vibration sensor, the measurement amplification circuit, and the display and recording.

1. Vibration sensor linkage. A device that converts a measured mechanical vibration into a mechanical, optical or electrical signal is called a transducer.

2.Measuring Circuit. There are many kinds of measurement circuits, which are designed according to the transformation principle of various sensors. For example, measurement circuits specifically equipped with piezoelectric sensors include voltage amplifiers, charge amplifiers, etc.; in addition, there are integral circuits, differential circuits, filter circuits, and normalization devices.

3. Signal analysis, display and recording. Measurement line output voltage signals can be input to the signal analyzer according to the measurement requirements or transmitted to the display instrument (such as electronic voltmeter, oscilloscope, phase meter, etc.), recording equipment (such as optical oscilloscopes, tape recorders, X-Y recorders, etc.). If necessary, it can also be recorded on magnetic tape and then fed into a signal analyzer for various analyses and processing to obtain results.

Based on their function, vibration sensors can be categorized as follows:

1、According to the principle of mechanical reception, it is divided into relative type and inertial type.

2、According to the electromechanical conversion principle, it is divided into electric type, piezoelectric type, eddy current type, inductive type, capacitive type, resistive type and photoelectric type;.

3, according to the measurement of mechanical quantities: displacement sensors, speed sensors, acceleration sensors, force sensors, strain sensors, torsion vibration sensors and torque sensors.

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